/*
 * Copyright (c) 2012 The Regents of the University of California
 * Kevin Klues <klueska@cs.berkeley.edu>
 *
 * This file is part of Parlib.
 *
 * Parlib is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the Lesser GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 * 
 * Parlib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * Lesser GNU General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * See COPYING.LESSER for details on the GNU Lesser General Public License.
 * See COPYING for details on the GNU General Public License.
 */

#include <stddef.h>
#include <parlib/assert.h>
#include <parlib/spinlock.h>
#include <parlib/dtls.h>
#include <parlib/slab.h>

/* The current dymamic tls implementation uses a locked linked list
 * to find the key for a given thread. We should probably find a better way to
 * do this based on a custom lock-free hash table or something. */
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <parlib/spinlock.h>

/* Define some number of static keys, for which the memory containing the keys
 * and the per-thread memory for the values associated with those keys is
 * allocated statically. This is adapted from glibc's notion of the
 * "specific_1stblock" field embedded directly into its pthread structure for
 * pthread_get/specific() calls. */
#define NUM_STATIC_KEYS 32

/* The dynamic tls key structure */
struct dtls_key {
  int id;
  int ref_count;
  bool valid;
  void (*dtor)(void*);
};

/* The definition of a dtls_key list and its elements */
struct dtls_value {
  TAILQ_ENTRY(dtls_value) link;
  struct dtls_key *key;
  void *dtls;
}; 
TAILQ_HEAD(dtls_list, dtls_value);

/* A struct containing all of the per thread (i.e. vcore or uthread) data
 * associated with dtls */
typedef struct dtls_data {
  /* A per-thread list of dtls regions */
  struct dtls_list list;
  /* Memory to hold dtls values for the first NUM_STATIC_KEYS keys */
  struct dtls_value early_values[NUM_STATIC_KEYS];
} dtls_data_t;

/* A slab of dtls keys (global to all threads) */
static struct kmem_cache *__dtls_keys_cache;

/* A slab of values for use when mapping a dtls_key to its per-thread value */
struct kmem_cache *__dtls_values_cache;
  
static __thread dtls_data_t __dtls_data;
static __thread bool __dtls_initialized = false;
static struct dtls_key static_dtls_keys[NUM_STATIC_KEYS];
static int num_dtls_keys = 0;

/* Initialize the slab caches for allocating dtls keys and values. */
int dtls_cache_init()
{
  /* Make sure this only runs once */
  static bool initialized = false;
  if (initialized)
      return 0;
  initialized = true;

  /* Initialize the global cache of dtls_keys */
  __dtls_keys_cache = kmem_cache_create("dtls_keys_cache",
    sizeof(struct dtls_key), __alignof__(struct dtls_key), 0, NULL, NULL);

  /* Initialize the global cache of dtls_values */
  __dtls_values_cache = kmem_cache_create("dtls_values_cache",
    sizeof(struct dtls_value), __alignof__(struct dtls_value), 0, NULL, NULL);

  return 0;
}

static dtls_key_t __allocate_dtls_key() 
{
  dtls_key_t key;
  int keyid = __sync_fetch_and_add(&num_dtls_keys, 1);
  if (keyid < NUM_STATIC_KEYS) {
    key = &static_dtls_keys[keyid];
  } else {
    dtls_cache_init();
    key = kmem_cache_alloc(__dtls_keys_cache, 0);
  }
  assert(key);
  key->id = keyid;
  key->ref_count = 1;
  return key;
}

static void __maybe_free_dtls_key(dtls_key_t key)
{
  int ref_count = __sync_add_and_fetch(&key->ref_count, -1);
  if (ref_count == 0 && key->id >= NUM_STATIC_KEYS)
    kmem_cache_free(__dtls_keys_cache, key);
}

static struct dtls_value *__allocate_dtls_value(struct dtls_data *dtls_data,
                                                struct dtls_key *key)
{
  struct dtls_value *v;
  if (key->id < NUM_STATIC_KEYS) {
    v = &dtls_data->early_values[key->id];
  } else {
    v = kmem_cache_alloc(__dtls_values_cache, 0);
  }
  assert(v);
  return v;
}

static void __free_dtls_value(struct dtls_value *v)
{
  if (v->key->id >= NUM_STATIC_KEYS)
    kmem_cache_free(__dtls_values_cache, v);
}

dtls_key_t dtls_key_create(dtls_dtor_t dtor)
{
  dtls_key_t key = __allocate_dtls_key();
  key->valid = true;
  key->dtor = dtor;
  return key;
}

void dtls_key_delete(dtls_key_t key)
{
  assert(key);
  key->valid = false;
  __maybe_free_dtls_key(key);
}

static inline void *__get_dtls(dtls_data_t *dtls_data, dtls_key_t key)
{
  assert(key);

  struct dtls_value *v;
  if (key->id < NUM_STATIC_KEYS) {
    v = &dtls_data->early_values[key->id];
    if (v->key != NULL)
      return v->dtls;
  } else {
    TAILQ_FOREACH(v, &dtls_data->list, link)
      if (v->key == key)
        return v->dtls;
  }
  return NULL;
}

static inline void __set_dtls(dtls_data_t *dtls_data, dtls_key_t key, void *dtls)
{
  assert(key);

  struct dtls_value *v = __get_dtls(dtls_data, key);
  if (!v) {
    v = __allocate_dtls_value(dtls_data, key);
    __sync_fetch_and_add(&key->ref_count, 1);
    v->key = key;
    TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&dtls_data->list, v, link);
  }
  v->dtls = dtls;
}

static inline void __destroy_dtls(dtls_data_t *dtls_data)
{
 struct dtls_value *v,*n;
  v = TAILQ_FIRST(&dtls_data->list);
  while(v != NULL) {
    dtls_key_t key = v->key;
  
	// The dtor must be called outside of a spinlock so that it can call
	// code that may deschedule it for a while (i.e. a mutex). Probably a
	// good idea anyway since it can be arbitrarily long and is written by the
	// user. Note, there is a small race here on the valid field, whereby we
	// may run a destructor on an invalid key. At least the keys memory wont
	// be deleted though, as protected by the ref count. Any reasonable usage
	// of this interface should safeguard that a key is never destroyed before
	// all of the threads that use it have exited anyway.
    if (key->valid && key->dtor) {
	  void *dtls = v->dtls;
      v->dtls = NULL;
      key->dtor(dtls);
    }
    __maybe_free_dtls_key(key);

    n = TAILQ_NEXT(v, link);
    TAILQ_REMOVE(&dtls_data->list, v, link);
    __free_dtls_value(v);
    v = n;
  }
}

void set_dtls(dtls_key_t key, void *dtls)
{
  bool initialized = true;
  dtls_data_t *dtls_data = NULL;
  if(!__dtls_initialized) {
    initialized = false;
    __dtls_initialized  = true;
  }
  dtls_data = &__dtls_data;
  if(!initialized) {
    TAILQ_INIT(&dtls_data->list);
  }
  __set_dtls(dtls_data, key, dtls);
}

void *get_dtls(dtls_key_t key)
{
  dtls_data_t *dtls_data = NULL;
  if(!__dtls_initialized)
    return NULL;
  dtls_data = &__dtls_data;
  return __get_dtls(dtls_data, key);
}

void destroy_dtls()
{
  dtls_data_t *dtls_data = NULL;
  if(!__dtls_initialized)
    return;
  dtls_data = &__dtls_data;
  __destroy_dtls(dtls_data);
}